High-Yield Articles of the Indian Constitution
What to memorize for Kerala PSC Degree Level Exams.
The Constitution is vast, but PSC exams tend to focus on specific parts. Understanding the structure (Parts and Schedules) is more important than rote memorization of every article.
1. The Preamble
Often called the "Identity Card" of the Constitution. It declares India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic. The words "Socialist, Secular, and Integrity" were added by the 42nd Amendment (1976).
2. Fundamental Rights (Part III: Art 12-35)
This is the most critical section.
3. Directive Principles (Part IV: Art 36-51)
Article 40: Organization of Village Panchayats (Gandhian Principle).
Article 44: Uniform Civil Code.
Article 51: Promotion of International Peace.
4. Fundamental Duties (Part IV-A)
Added by the 42nd Amendment on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee. There are currently 11 Fundamental Duties (Article 51A).
5. Key Amendments
- 42nd (1976): Mini Constitution.
- 44th (1978): Removed Right to Property.
- 61st (1989): Voting age reduced from 21 to 18.
- 73rd & 74th (1992): Panchayati Raj and Municipalities.
- 101st (2016): GST Introduction.